
Q:󓮋i̊Qɂ1993Nɕ񍐏očیǂƂ͂ǂȋ@
ł?
A:1970NɃjN\̋߂đn݂E115Sl
̓Ɨ̐{@ւłB̂EPAłB
Q:EPA͂܂łɎgp~Kɂ͂ǂ̂悤Ȃ̂
ł?
A:xKhAax[A͂ȔK_C
ILVAAXxXgȂǂłB͐lɃKƂmɏؖ
Ă锭KȂ̂AKƌĂ΂܂BEPA͊^oRA
KƔF肵܂B̍͂܂łAK̒ōł
ȊwIɊmƂĂ܂B
Q:^oR̉AKƔF肵EPA񍐏ł́Aǂ̂悤Ȍ_o
Ă̂ł?
A:񍐏{̂͐Sy[W̖cȂ̂Ȃ̂ŁAEPAɔ\uItB
VET}[vɂĐ܂B

b40	P2

		      AJی(EPA)			  
	  󓮋ǐċzւ̌Ne:xKё̌ċz펾	  
			   {񍐂̗v񂨂ь_			  
	       RESPIRATORY HEALTH EFFECTS OF PASSIVE SMOKING:		  
		      LUNG CANCER AND OTHER DISORDERS			  
		   SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS OF THE REPORT		  


b40	P2	_̑v(1)

	1  _̑v MAJOR CONCLUSIONS
  ݂܂łɖ炩ɂĂȊwIؖ̏d(WEIGHT OF AVAILABLE SCI-
ENTIFIC EVIDENCE)ɂƂÂAEPA͕čɂETS̍L͂ȉƔIɂ
AčšNɏdȈe݂Ăƒf肵B

lɑ΂e

E ETS͔xKNBNԕč̔i҂ɖ3000l̔xKЂN
   ĂB


b40	P2	_̑v(2)

ǂɑ΂e

E ETS͔xECǎxȂǂ̉C(LRIs)NB18
   J܂ł̓ĉN15`30lETSɂLRIsɂĂB
E ETS͟oƏChǏ𑝂₵ łȂċz@
   \̒ቺЂB
E ETS͏b炽ɔǂB


Q:ڂ񍐏̓eĉB

A:
b40	P3	Ȓm(1)

	 3.Ȓm(PRIMARY FINDINGS)
A.  il̔xK

1.  󓮋i͐l̔xǨƂȂBETS͏؋̏d͂̌ʁAEPA
    `ɂAK(qgɑ΂閾mȔK)ɊYB


b40	P3	Ȓm(2)

2.  č̒ji(։҂܂)̂N3000ETSɂxK
    SĂB̐vl͓vwIї_f̕sm萫͂
    łA^̒l͂葝悤A{͂ɗp͎
    ̃XNߏ]悤ݒ肳ĂB{l̐M͒x
    獂xłB


b40	P3	Ȓm(3)

B.  xKȊǑċz펾

1.  eETSIɂ肻̂ǂ͈ȉ̕aIԂB

a.  ċzhǏ(ZLE^Eb)
b.  ɐZot܂₷Ȃ(Ǐ)
c.  łȂċz@\݂̈


b40	P3	Ȓm(4)

2.  NƂɓc(Ƃ킯)eETSIɂ艺C(x
    ECǎxE׋Cǎx)₷ȂB{񍐂ETSIɂ鐶
    18J̓c̉Cǜ늳N1530Ɛ
    B̂7500`15000͓@ÂvB̐l̐M
    BETSɂ鉺Cǂ̑X͏XɎ܂Ȃ3ˎ܂ő
    A18Jȏ̗c̔QҐ̐͂łȂB


b40	P3	Ȓm(5)

3.a.  ETSI͚b̔񐔂ƏdǓx𑝉BETS͕č200
      500l̚b̔U20%߁Aa󈫉10%߂B


b40	P3	Ȓm(6)

b.  ɂ܂f͂łȂAETS܂Śb̂Ȃǂ
    Vɚb𔭏ǂ邱ƂuwIɎĂB̒mƂ
    łɒmĂETS̖Ɖunƌċznւ̉e(Ⴆ΃Ags[EC
    q̑)𑍍Ė{񍐂ETSb̐VKǂ̃XNt@N^[
    Ƃ̌_oB܂ł̌ɂΚbǂ̂߂ɂ͔rI
    ZxETSIvB{񍐂͖10{ȏ̃^oRze
    ǂ̒N8000Ȃ26000̐VȚbƐ
    肵B̐l̐M͒xłAETSb𔭏ǂƂ
    _OƂĐ藧ĂB


b40	P3	Ȓm(7)

4.  󓮋i͏Ȃ疳łȂċzւ̈eAȂ킿PEႁE
   s̑ƌċz@\̒ቺ炷B


Q:̌_́Aǂ̂悤ȍoꂽ̂ł?

A:
b40	P5	؋̏d(1)

  ̌_́A{IɈȉɏqׂ؋̏d WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE
ANALYSIS̑]瓱oꂽ̂łB


b40	P5	؋̏d(2)

  wIÓ
  BIOLOGICAL PLAUSABILITY

  ETS͔xɓ荞݂̐͑̓ɍLgUBETSMS̔͋
łB\ixKNiʂƔKɒiʂɂ܂ŗ
֌W݂邱Ƃ͊młƂmłBETSxKN
Ƃ͏\_IɗL蓾邱ƂŐwIÓB


b40	P5	؋̏d(3)

  ш`Őɂؖ
  SUPPORTING EVIDENCE FROM ANIMAL BIOASSAYS AND GENOTOXICITY EXPERIMENTS

  ^oR̔K̓nX^[pUzAbgpx
^A}EXp畆hzŊmFς݂łB̂ƂETSU
z͍sĂȂBȂ畛Zk̔x^є畆h
zɂ蔭KؖĂB嗬ETS̗ň`Ő
zƂȂĂA嗬ETSɔKƂm؂ĂB


b40	P5	؋̏d(4)

  т̈v
  CONSISTENCY OF RESPONSE

  4̃Rz[gׂĂ26̃P[XRg[20Ŕz҂
RETSɔIꂽi̔xKXN̑ώ@ꂽB
ETSIx̑召ʂɉ͂f[^̂17ׂ̒Ăōő唘I
O[v̔xKXN͑ĂBfUCA{󋵁A͕@
Ɣ肳19(APPENDIX A)17ŃXN̑A
6œvwIɗLӂȑώ@ꂽB܂܂Ȋpx璲т̑
IsETSIɂxKXN̑Ƃm͋R̎Y
ł͂ȂƔ肳ꂽB

(b54  Ot̃XCh掦)


b40	P5	؋̏d(5)

  L͈͂؋W߂Ă邱
  BROAD-BASED EVIDENCE

  {񍐂̌ΏۂƂ308JoĂAlXȌfUC
A@A`[̂ƂōsĂB2n\ETSCx
KUNq݂Ă\ׂĂ̒n͔̒z҂ɗR
ETSxK̃XNyx璆x邱Ƃ𖾂炩ɂBETS
ƔxK̊֘Aʂ̈q̂悤ɍL͈͂̑lȌׂ
ɋʂɉ݂Ăƍl邱Ƃ͂܂񌻎IłB


b40	P5	؋̏d(6)

  ̗ʔ֌W݂邱
  UPWARD TREND IN EXPOSURE-RESPONSE

  R̍s200̔xKǗEő̃Rz[g420̔x
K2Q̑ΏƏWcFONTHAM(1991)̐Eő̃P[XRg[
̗ŁA󓮋iƔxKXN̗̐ʔ֌W݂̑邱Ƃؖ
ĂB̗̐ʔ֌W͈|IȐ̉uwтɂd˂ĊmF
ĂBETSIʂƔxKXNɊւgh肪\Ȓ14 
10ŁAႢPlȂLӂȗʔ֌W݂̑Ă邱Ƃ炩ɂ
ĂB


b40	P5	؋̏d(7)

  ʏ̐x̔Ił̊֘A̐  Ă邱ƂmFł
  DETECTABLE  ASSOCIATION  AT  ENVIRONMENTAL EX-  POSURE LEVELS

  ȉWcɂĕv̋iɗRETSIɂxK
Ă邱Ƃ́AETSIQŜƔ񔘘IQׂł炩ɂȂ
ĂB̎ނ̔Kł͐EƐI邢͓̍ۂƂ
Ix̑傫O[vł̂ݔK̑ώ@邱ƂʗłB
ETŜ悤ɔr闼QƂɃobNOEhIʂƂ͂Ȃ
^̊֘Aɂ(ɂ炸ETSxK𑝉邱Ƃu
wIɖmɎꂽ:)B


b40	P6	؋̏d(8)

  oCAX̕␳̊֘ALӂɑ݂
  EFFECTS REMAIN AFTER ADJUSTMENT FOR POTENTIAL   UPWARD BIAS

  ݋i҂邢͋։҂Ui҂ƌ땪ނAETSIɂxK
XN㑝邱Ƃ͂肤B̂悤Ȍ땪ނ␳
ĂETSIƔxKXN͓vwIɗLӂȊ֘AłBč̏ꍇ
땪ނ̕␳9ǗΏƒ2Rz[gv[f[^̑΃X
N1.19(90%M1.04,1.35;P<0.05)ƈˑRLӂBMVA2.00
(1.42,2.83)A`1.61(1.25,2.06)A{1.44(1.13,1.85)Ƃ葊΃X
N͕č̂傫Ǎ땪ނ̕␳A̗LӐ͂
܂B


b40	P6	؋̏d(9)

 Ix̍ő̃O[vŋ͂Ȋ֘Aώ@
 STRONG ASSOCIATIONS FOR HIGHEST EXPOSURE GROUPS

  ƂIx̑傫ȃO[vł݂Ă͂̊֘AƂ
mɂBE16̒9ł͍ōx̔IQŗLӂȃXN
݂̑ĂBōxIQ̃v[f[^̃XN1.38(1.13,
1.70;P=0.005)łB


b40	P6	؋̏d(10)

  ̊֘A𗍈qł͐łȂ
  CONFOUNDING CANNOT EXPLAIN THE ASSOCIATION

  ̍X̗lXȌ҂ƗɍsL͂ȃx[X̂Ɍꂵ
ʔ֌Wf[^Lxɂ邱̌_AׂĂ̒ɋ
P̌𗍈q݂̉Ŕے肷邱Ƃ͂߂Ĕ񌻎IłB܂{
ł͉\̂𗍈q(x̊Eƒg[@EHEE)ɂ
sʁÄq̌𗍂xKETSɊ֘AƂ
炵ƍl]n͂Ȃƌ_ôłB
================================================
